{"id":298,"date":"2024-06-14T13:19:06","date_gmt":"2024-06-14T05:19:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lxelectriccars.com\/?p=298"},"modified":"2024-06-14T13:31:57","modified_gmt":"2024-06-14T05:31:57","slug":"iontova-lithiova-baterie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lxelectriccars.com\/cs\/iontova-lithiova-baterie\/","title":{"rendered":"iontov\u00e1 lithiov\u00e1 baterie"},"content":{"rendered":"

iontov\u00e1 lithiov\u00e1 baterie<\/h1>\n

iontov\u00e1 lithiov\u00e1 baterie se stala nepostradatelnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a vozidel, od notebook\u016f a mobiln\u00edch telefon\u016f a\u017e po hybridn\u00ed a elektrick\u00e9 automobily. Jejich v\u00fdhody sahaj\u00ed od vysok\u00e9 energetick\u00e9 hustoty, dob\u00edjec\u00ed schopnosti a n\u00edzk\u00e9 hmotnosti (a\u017e o 70% leh\u010d\u00ed ne\u017e olov\u011bn\u00e9 akumul\u00e1tory); zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti bez produkce toxick\u00fdch vedlej\u0161\u00edch produkt\u016f jako u olov\u011bn\u00fdch akumul\u00e1tor\u016f; nav\u00edc neprodukuj\u00ed toxick\u00e9 vedlej\u0161\u00ed produkty jako olov\u011bn\u00e9 akumul\u00e1tory; proto jejich v\u00fdrobci ne\u00fanavn\u011b pracuj\u00ed na v\u00fdvoji lep\u0161\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f katody\/anody, pevn\u00fdch elektrolyt\u016f, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed vysokou kapacitu akumul\u00e1tor\u016f pro bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed v bateri\u00edch - jen aby si tyto v\u00fdhody zachovali!<\/p>\n

Mezi ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 inovace pat\u0159\u00ed iontov\u00e1 lithiov\u00e1 baterie, kter\u00e1 jako elektrolyt vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 poly(iontovou kapalinu) nam\u00edsto t\u011bkav\u00fdch organick\u00fdch rozpou\u0161t\u011bdel, jako je kobalt v sou\u010dasn\u00fdch LIB, jako materi\u00e1l elektrolytu. Tento p\u0159evratn\u00fd v\u00fdvoj slibuje vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed hustotu energie p\u0159i ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1kladech a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1vislosti na drah\u00fdch a problematick\u00fdch kovech, jako je kobalt, kter\u00e9 se vyskytuj\u00ed v dne\u0161n\u00edch LIB.<\/p>\n

iontov\u00e9 lithiov\u00e9 baterie se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z anody, katody, separ\u00e1toru a elektrolytu; anoda uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 ionty lithia, zat\u00edmco katoda slou\u017e\u00ed jako z\u00e1sob\u00e1rna elektron\u016f, zat\u00edmco separ\u00e1tor blokuje tok elektron\u016f v baterii. Nakonec elektrolyt p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed kladn\u011b nabit\u00e9 ionty lithia mezi anodou a katodou b\u011bhem vyb\u00edjen\u00ed a zp\u011bt k anod\u011b b\u011bhem nab\u00edjen\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm interkala\u010dn\u00edch\/deinterkala\u010dn\u00edch proces\u016f, kter\u00e9 prob\u00edhaj\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u011b - tento proces se v odborn\u00e9 terminologii naz\u00fdv\u00e1 interkalace\/deinterkalace.<\/p>\n

Anoda slo\u017een\u00e1 obvykle z grafitov\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu je kombinov\u00e1na s katodou z neho\u0159lav\u00fdch sulfid\u016f nebo nitrid\u016f kov\u016f, kter\u00e1 slou\u017e\u00ed k ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed iont\u016f lithia pomoc\u00ed interkalace, kdy jsou fyzicky vlo\u017eeny mezi 2D vrstvy uhl\u00edku, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed objemov\u00fd grafit, pro \u00fa\u010dely ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed. Vyb\u00edjen\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nku zahrnuje anodu, na n\u00ed\u017e prob\u00edh\u00e1 oxida\u010dn\u00ed polovi\u010dn\u00ed reakce, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e se uvol\u0148uj\u00ed kladn\u00e9 lithiov\u00e9 ionty a sou\u010dasn\u011b se vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed z\u00e1porn\u011b nabit\u00e9 elektrony prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho obvodu; b\u011bhem vyb\u00edjen\u00ed prob\u00edh\u00e1 na anod\u011b oxida\u010dn\u00ed polovi\u010dn\u00ed reakce, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e vznikaj\u00ed kladn\u00e9 lithiov\u00e9 ionty, zat\u00edmco z\u00e1porn\u011b nabit\u00e9 elektrony jsou p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161eny vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm obvodem ke katod\u011b, kde prob\u00edh\u00e1 reduk\u010dn\u00ed polovi\u010dn\u00ed reakce a vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm obvodem prot\u00e9k\u00e1 elektrick\u00fd proud.<\/p>\n

Existuje mnoho druh\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad 72V lithium-iontov\u00e1 baterie, 12V lithiov\u00e1 baterie 20ah, lithiov\u00e1 baterie 20ah. Oxida\u010dn\u011b-reduk\u010dn\u00ed reakce mus\u00ed prob\u00edhat p\u0159i optim\u00e1ln\u00ed teplot\u011b a podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, jinak by v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bny mohly v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit kapacitu baterie a sn\u00ed\u017eit jej\u00ed cyklickou pou\u017eitelnost (m\u00edra toho, kolik nabit\u00ed a vybit\u00ed baterie zvl\u00e1dne, ne\u017e se jej\u00ed kapacita za\u010dne sni\u017eovat), co\u017e by mohlo zv\u00fd\u0161it vnit\u0159n\u00ed tlak v \u010dl\u00e1nku a ohrozit tak bezpe\u010dnost mobiln\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, jako jsou tablety a chytr\u00e9 telefony.<\/p>\n

\"iontov\u00e1<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ionic lithium battery ionic lithium battery has become an indispensable component in a wide variety of devices and vehicles ranging from laptops and cell phones to hybrid and electric cars. Their advantages range from their high energy density, rechargeability and light weight (up to 70% lighter than lead acid batteries); increased safety without producing toxic… \u010c\u00edst d\u00e1le \u00bbiontov\u00e1 lithiov\u00e1 baterie<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"off","neve_meta_content_width":70,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[70],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-298","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-product-related"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lxelectriccars.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/298","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lxelectriccars.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lxelectriccars.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lxelectriccars.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lxelectriccars.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=298"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.lxelectriccars.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/298\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":304,"href":"https:\/\/www.lxelectriccars.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/298\/revisions\/304"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lxelectriccars.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=298"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lxelectriccars.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=298"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lxelectriccars.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=298"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}